The Hizmet project is a private educational initiative and diplomacy instrument that has morphed from a point of pride for the Turkish government into a threat.

Rayan Alyusufi of Bournemouth University explores Saudi public diplomacy evolution, offering context and guidance for further study on the subject.

Independent research consultant, Jihad Fakhreddine, examines the overall performance of Alhurra financed by the U.S. Congress.

Türkiye’s recent humanitarian efforts reflect its public diplomacy priorities to build relationships and engage with foreign publics.

American universities abroad can advance U.S. geopolitical interests, but must also appear disinterested to remain credible in their local contexts–a difficult needle to thread.

Amidst renewed political resolves, Iran and Saudi Arabia can leverage their epistemic communities to promote public diplomacy on ecological insecurities.